Recently, United States has asked Finland to build its next generation of heavy icebreakers. The agreement is to acquire eleven new medium-class icebreakers also called Arctic Security Cutters. Out of Eleven, four are to be built in Finland by Finnish shipbuilders. The remaining seven will be built in U.S. shipyards using Finnish designs and expertise. Th estimated cost is approx. USD 6.1 billion and the first delivery is expected in 2028.
After World War 2, the USA capabilities in shipbuilding has been declining in terms of power and innovation. Where as in present geopolitical situation ice breaker is not just a niche class vessel but an strategic asset.
The United States currently operates only two polar-capable icebreakers, one of which are more than 40+ years old and face regular challenges for repair. Since USA shares its boundaries with Arctic territory, its fleet of ice breakers has been a concern.
Comparing other countries capabilities with ice breaker capacity at global level
Russia has around 40 icebreakers, including eight nuclear-powered vessels, giving it unmatched Arctic reach for all weathers round the year, we have written a separate blog on this.
China, though not an Arctic nation, operates several ice-capable ships , also Chinese company was the first to start a service through Arctic Sea route , we have mentioned the details in our earlier blog.
Nordic countries have consistently invested in ice-capable fleets for commercial and security needs.
The U.S. gap is the result of decades of underinvestment in specialized shipbuilding, particularly for ice-strengthened hulls and polar propulsion systems.
Why Finland?
Historically and conventionally Finland has been one of the leaders in innovation, Finnish shipyards and designers have contributed to the majority of the world’s modern icebreakers, either directly or through design and engineering support.
Key strengths of Finland include:
Over 80% of the world’s icebreakers are designed by Finnish companies
Advanced propulsion and hull technology
On-time delivery and cost efficiency
How the rising Arctic Power is making Geopolitical Implications
The Arctic is rapidly emerging as a new geopolitical frontier on several fronts and melting ice is opening two major fronts:
Shorter shipping routes between Asia, Europe, and North America
Access to vast reserves of oil, gas, and critical minerals
Will keep you updated.
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